EGR introduces inert gases into the combustion chamber, absorbing heat & energy, and usually decreasing the tendency for part throttle detonation. Fuel needs usually go up during EGR operation; in fact this is how the computer tests to see that the EGR system is in place and operating properly. It runs the EGR as a test, and then checks to see that the short term fueling term (integrator) increases in response to lean 02 readings.
Anyhoo, most trucks I have seen do not have part throttle detonation problems, and I've checked many of them that are run w/o an EGR. EGR introduces spent gases into the intake manifold & combustion chambers, increasing the amount of carbon deposits, leading to hot spots in the chamber, and possible detonation sources. Manifold air temps are very hot during EGR operation also, leading to more heat soak issues.
FWIW, the stock heads are setup so that the middle cylinders have an EGR port off the exhaust port, leading up to the intake, and from the intake up to the EGR valve, which opens the door to go into the intake plenum. Vortec heads do NOT have an EGR port off the exhaust manifolds. That port helps to create uneven flow & more heat in the stock (as well as L35) heads.
I've had several trucks pass sniffer tests w/o an EGR system.